Clostridium botulinum bacteria produce eight serotypes of botulinum toxin proteins (A, B, Ca, Cb, D, E, F, and G). Botulinum toxin serotype A is the most potent and is used for functional and cosmetic indications all over the body. There are some specific functional indications for Btx A injections in oculoplasty. Understanding those indications will help the general ophthalmologist to counsel their outdoor patients. Giving Btx A injections require knowledge of facial anatomy. Oculoplasty surgeons are trained to give Btx A injections.
Oculoplastic surgery is specialized plastic surgery around the eyelids and face. It is also called oculofacial surgery as the eyelids are continuous with the forehead, cheeks, and deals with the related tear system (lacrimal) and orbits (deeper structures surrounding the eyeball).
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EYELID ENTROPION
Entropion of either lower or upper eyelid is quite common in our clinical practice. The keratinized skin of the eyelid margin and eyelashes...
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Entropion of either lower or upper eyelid is quite common in our clinical practice. The keratinized skin of the eyelid margin and eyelashes...
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Loss of vision indeed causes profound mental trauma. If the vision loss is accompanied by disfigurement of the eye it further adds to the t...
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Many ophthalmologists, regardless of the type of practice they have, may be called upon to assist in the management of patients who have su...